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Convert Foot-Lamberts to Millilamberts

Foot-Lambert (fL) to Millilambert (mL) luminance conversion — enter any value below to get an instant result, or use the table for common values.

Results from this calculator are estimates provided for general informational purposes only, based on formulas, rates, and standards commonly accepted as of 2026. Figures may differ slightly from other calculators or professional sources due to rounding methods, differing assumptions, or regional regulations, and rules may change over time. Always consult a qualified professional — such as a financial advisor, healthcare provider, or other relevant specialist — before making decisions based on these results.

The numeric value you want to convert. Decimals are accepted.

Result

1 fL = 1.076391 mL

1 Foot-Lambert = 1.076391 Millilamberts

1 Millilambert = 0.9290304 Foot-Lamberts

1 fL in every supported unit

Conversion chart: Foot-Lambert to Millilamberts

Conversion table

Foot-Lambert (fL) Millilambert (mL)
0.01 fL 0.01076391 mL
0.1 fL 0.1076391 mL
1 fL 1.076391 mL
2 fL 2.1527821 mL
3 fL 3.2291731 mL
5 fL 5.3819552 mL
10 fL 10.76391 mL
20 fL 21.527821 mL
50 fL 53.819552 mL
100 fL 107.6391 mL
1000 fL 1076.391 mL

Foot-Lambert (fL)

Definition: A US customary luminance unit defined so that a perfectly diffusing surface emitting one lumen per square foot has a luminance of one foot-lambert.

History: Developed as the American customary counterpart to the CGS lambert, built on the foot-candle (lumens per square foot) illuminance unit already established in US lighting engineering.

Current use: The standard unit for cinema and home-theater projection screen brightness under SMPTE and industry calibration standards, which typically specify screen luminance around 14-16 foot-lamberts.

Millilambert (mL)

Definition: One-thousandth of a lambert, offering a more practically sized CGS luminance unit for typical indoor and screen-brightness magnitudes than the full lambert.

History: Introduced as the lambert proved too large a unit for everyday luminance readings — most real-world surfaces and early cathode-ray displays measured in the millilambert range rather than whole lamberts.

Current use: Historically used in early display and photometric engineering, including some vintage radar and oscilloscope screen brightness specifications, before nits and foot-lamberts became standard.

Supported Units

Unit Symbol In cd/m²
Candela per Square Meter cd/m² 1 cd/m²
Candela per Square Centimeter cd/cm² 10000 cd/m²
Candela per Square Foot cd/ft² 10.76391 cd/m²
Candela per Square Inch cd/in² 1550.0031 cd/m²
Kilocandela per Square Meter kcd/m² 1000 cd/m²
Stilb sb 10000 cd/m²
Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian lm/m²/sr 1 cd/m²
Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian lm/cm²/sr 10000 cd/m²
Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian lm/ft²/sr 10.76391 cd/m²
Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) W/cm²/sr 6830000 cd/m²
Nit nt 1 cd/m²
Millinit mnt 0.001 cd/m²
Lambert L 3183.0989 cd/m²
Millilambert mL 3.1830989 cd/m²
Foot-Lambert fL 3.4262591 cd/m²
Apostilb asb 0.31830989 cd/m²
Blondel bd 0.31830989 cd/m²
Bril bril 3.1831E-08 cd/m²
Skot sk 0.0003183099 cd/m²

About These Parameters

Value
The luminance value you want to convert, expressed in the "From" unit. Accepts decimals, so you can enter anything from a faint scotopic reading in skots to a display's rated brightness in nits.
From Unit
The unit your input value is currently measured in — a monitor spec sheet's nits, a cinema calibration report's foot-lamberts, or a scientific instrument's candela per square meter.
To Unit
The unit you want the result converted into. Use the swap button to flip From and To instantly and compare figures across display, cinema, and scientific contexts.

How Luminance Conversion Works

The Formula

Every unit here is defined by a fixed multiplier relative to candela per square meter. To convert a value from one unit to another:

result = value × (factor of "From" unit ÷ factor of "To" unit)

For Foot-Lambert → Millilambert: multiply by 1.076391. For example, 1 fL × 1.076391 = 1.076391 mL.

Nits vs. Candela per Square Meter

A nit and a candela per square meter are exactly the same physical quantity — "nit" is simply the shorter, everyday name adopted by the display and consumer electronics industry. When a phone, TV, or monitor spec sheet quotes "1,000 nits," that number is identical to 1,000 cd/m² in a scientific paper. The two names exist for context, not physics: engineers and physicists tend to write cd/m², while marketing copy, review sites, and display datasheets almost universally write nits.

CGS vs. SI Luminance Units

Several units on this page — the stilb, lambert, apostilb, blondel, bril, and skot — predate the modern SI system and come from the centimeter-gram-second (CGS) system of photometric units used in early 20th-century physics. They were built around the idea of a perfectly diffusing ("Lambertian") surface rather than the candela directly, which is why their conversion factors to cd/m² involve π-related constants (a lambert, for instance, equals 1/π candela per square centimeter). Most of these CGS units have been superseded by candela-per-square-meter and its nit alias in modern engineering, but they still surface in legacy scientific literature, older photometric instruments, and specialized fields like vision research that never fully migrated to SI.

Example

A luminance of 1 fL equals 1.076391 mL. For scale, a typical smartphone screen runs around 500-1,000 nits, a calibrated cinema screen is set to roughly 14-16 foot-lamberts, an overcast sky reads around 2,000-4,000 cd/m², and the full moon's surface luminance is only about 2,500 cd/m² despite looking far brighter against a dark night sky.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many Millilamberts are in 1 Foot-Lambert?

1 Foot-Lambert (fL) equals exactly 1.076391 Millilamberts (mL).

What's the difference between luminance and brightness?

Luminance is the objective, physically measured quantity — candela per square meter, or nits — while "brightness" is often used loosely to describe the subjective perception of how light a surface looks, which also depends on surrounding contrast and the viewer's eye adaptation. Luminance is what a light meter measures; brightness is what a person reports seeing.

Is a nit the same as a candela per square meter?

Yes — a nit and a candela per square meter (cd/m²) are exactly the same unit under two different names. "Nit" is the informal name used throughout the display and consumer electronics industry, while cd/m² is the formal SI name used in scientific and engineering contexts.

Why do cinema screens use foot-lamberts instead of nits?

The film and projection industry standardized on foot-lamberts decades before nits became common in consumer electronics, and SMPTE calibration standards for theatrical and home-theater screens (typically 14-16 foot-lamberts) are still written in that unit today. Converting to nits (1 fL ≈ 3.43 cd/m²) shows that cinema screens are actually much dimmer than a modern smartphone or TV display, which is intentional for a dark viewing room.

Why are there so many old CGS luminance units like the stilb and apostilb?

Before the SI system standardized photometry around the candela and candela-per-square-meter in the mid-20th century, different countries and scientific traditions developed their own luminance units within the centimeter-gram-second (CGS) system — the stilb and lambert in general use, the apostilb and its French-system twin the blondel for illuminated surfaces, and the extremely small bril and skot for vision research into low-light perception. Most have fallen out of everyday use but still appear in older instruments, legacy literature, and specialized scientific fields.

How accurate are these conversions?

Every conversion factor used here is the exact, internationally recognized relationship between the underlying luminance units — results are limited only by floating-point display precision, not by rounded conversion constants.

Convert Foot-Lambert to Other Luminance Units

Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Meter Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Centimeter Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Foot Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Inch Foot-Lambert to Kilocandela per Square Meter Foot-Lambert to Stilbs Foot-Lambert to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Foot-Lambert to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Foot-Lambert to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Foot-Lambert to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Foot-Lambert to Nits Foot-Lambert to Millinits Foot-Lambert to Lamberts Foot-Lambert to Millilamberts Foot-Lambert to Apostilbs Foot-Lambert to Blondels Foot-Lambert to Brils Foot-Lambert to Skots

Possible Luminance Conversions

Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Stilbs Foot-Lambert to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Meter Apostilb to Skots Candela per Square Meter to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Blondel to Nits Kilocandela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Meter Candela per Square Inch to Kilocandela per Square Meter Stilb to Millinits Millilambert to Stilbs Lambert to Kilocandela per Square Meter Blondel to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Candela per Square Foot to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Candela per Square Foot to Millilamberts Bril to Foot-Lamberts Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Millinits Candela per Square Foot to Candela per Square Meter Nit to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Kilocandela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Inch to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Candela per Square Foot to Candela per Square Centimeter Skot to Stilbs Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Lamberts Lambert to Candela per Square Centimeter Skot to Blondels Candela per Square Inch to Candela per Square Meter Blondel to Foot-Lamberts Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Millinit to Candela per Square Foot Apostilb to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Bril to Candela per Square Meter Lambert to Candela per Square Meter Candela per Square Inch to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Candela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Centimeter to Foot-Lamberts Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Lamberts Stilb to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Millilamberts Millilambert to Millinits Candela per Square Meter to Lamberts Stilb to Nits Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Skots Millinit to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Millinit to Nits Nit to Blondels Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Nits Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Lamberts Candela per Square Inch to Skots Candela per Square Meter to Nits Nit to Apostilbs Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Kilocandela per Square Meter Candela per Square Inch to Brils Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Candela per Square Inch Millilambert to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Brils Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Candela per Square Foot Kilocandela per Square Meter to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Nit to Candela per Square Foot Millinit to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Skot to Millinits Candela per Square Centimeter to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Kilocandela per Square Meter to Millilamberts Kilocandela per Square Meter to Brils Stilb to Foot-Lamberts Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Candela per Square Meter Apostilb to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Blondel to Candela per Square Inch Apostilb to Stilbs Candela per Square Centimeter to Nits Bril to Stilbs Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Nits Kilocandela per Square Meter to Foot-Lamberts Apostilb to Blondels Candela per Square Centimeter to Brils Millilambert to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Kilocandela per Square Meter to Skots Foot-Lambert to Millilamberts Candela per Square Centimeter to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Apostilb to Candela per Square Centimeter Kilocandela per Square Meter to Millinits Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Candela per Square Meter Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Skots Candela per Square Inch to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Candela per Square Centimeter to Skots Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Stilbs Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Blondels Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Stilbs Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Apostilbs Candela per Square Foot to Kilocandela per Square Meter Millinit to Candela per Square Centimeter Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Candela per Square Centimeter Foot-Lambert to Millinits Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Lambert to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Foot-Lambert to Blondels Millinit to Lamberts Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Lamberts Foot-Lambert to Skots Blondel to Candela per Square Foot Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Candela per Square Foot Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Foot-Lamberts Millilambert to Brils Candela per Square Centimeter to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Meter to Apostilbs Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Blondels Stilb to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Inch to Millilamberts Lambert to Apostilbs Millilambert to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Centimeter to Lamberts Candela per Square Centimeter to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Candela per Square Foot Millinit to Foot-Lamberts Millinit to Apostilbs Candela per Square Meter to Foot-Lamberts Skot to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Lambert to Skots Millinit to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Nit to Millilamberts Candela per Square Inch to Apostilbs Stilb to Skots Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Candela per Square Centimeter Lambert to Stilbs Nit to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Candela per Square Meter Millilambert to Kilocandela per Square Meter Candela per Square Foot to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Millinit to Brils Millilambert to Apostilbs Lambert to Millilamberts Candela per Square Foot to Apostilbs Foot-Lambert to Nits Blondel to Kilocandela per Square Meter Kilocandela per Square Meter to Nits Foot-Lambert to Kilocandela per Square Meter Apostilb to Candela per Square Meter Nit to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Centimeter to Kilocandela per Square Meter Apostilb to Candela per Square Foot Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Candela per Square Centimeter Candela per Square Inch to Nits Millinit to Stilbs Skot to Millilamberts Millilambert to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Candela per Square Inch to Candela per Square Foot Nit to Kilocandela per Square Meter Bril to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Lambert to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Foot to Candela per Square Inch Apostilb to Nits Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Centimeter Millilambert to Candela per Square Centimeter Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Blondel to Skots Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Apostilbs Bril to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Candela per Square Foot to Foot-Lamberts Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Candela per Square Centimeter to Apostilbs Candela per Square Inch to Foot-Lamberts Lambert to Brils Candela per Square Inch to Millinits Blondel to Stilbs Skot to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Blondels Skot to Foot-Lamberts Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Millinits Candela per Square Meter to Skots Apostilb to Millinits Blondel to Lamberts Skot to Candela per Square Centimeter Kilocandela per Square Meter to Blondels Millinit to Kilocandela per Square Meter Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Apostilbs Stilb to Lamberts Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Nits Foot-Lambert to Lamberts Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Nits Candela per Square Centimeter to Candela per Square Inch Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Inch Stilb to Candela per Square Meter Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Brils Candela per Square Foot to Brils Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Stilb to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Brils Candela per Square Meter to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Skots Skot to Nits Foot-Lambert to Brils Blondel to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Millinit to Millilamberts Lambert to Blondels Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Stilbs Candela per Square Centimeter to Candela per Square Foot Stilb to Blondels Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Blondels Bril to Lamberts Nit to Foot-Lamberts Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Foot-Lamberts Bril to Candela per Square Foot Apostilb to Lamberts Bril to Nits Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Candela per Square Meter Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Foot-Lamberts Skot to Apostilbs Millilambert to Skots Blondel to Millilamberts Millinit to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Meter to Stilbs Candela per Square Meter to Millilamberts Candela per Square Inch to Stilbs Lambert to Candela per Square Foot Foot-Lambert to Candela per Square Foot Bril to Candela per Square Inch Candela per Square Centimeter to Millilamberts Kilocandela per Square Meter to Lamberts Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Candela per Square Centimeter Candela per Square Meter to Blondels Bril to Millilamberts Candela per Square Centimeter to Blondels Lambert to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Stilb to Kilocandela per Square Meter Foot-Lambert to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Kilocandela per Square Meter Apostilb to Millilamberts Candela per Square Inch to Lamberts Foot-Lambert to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Skot to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Apostilb to Foot-Lamberts Millilambert to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Apostilbs Apostilb to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Foot-Lambert to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Candela per Square Centimeter to Millinits Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Candela per Square Inch Blondel to Millinits Blondel to Brils Bril to Candela per Square Centimeter Stilb to Brils Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Skots Stilb to Candela per Square Inch Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Millilambert to Nits Skot to Candela per Square Meter Candela per Square Meter to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Candela per Square Centimeter to Candela per Square Meter Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Candela per Square Inch Blondel to Apostilbs Nit to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Millilambert to Lamberts Candela per Square Foot to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Bril to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Bril to Kilocandela per Square Meter Bril to Apostilbs Blondel to Candela per Square Meter Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Millilamberts Candela per Square Inch to Blondels Blondel to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Millinit to Skots Millilambert to Candela per Square Foot Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Meter to Millinits Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Candela per Square Foot Candela per Square Foot to Skots Kilocandela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Centimeter Foot-Lambert to Apostilbs Lambert to Foot-Lamberts Stilb to Candela per Square Centimeter Millinit to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Millilambert to Blondels Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Millilamberts Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Candela per Square Inch Foot-Lambert to Stilbs Nit to Brils Millilambert to Candela per Square Meter Millinit to Candela per Square Meter Kilocandela per Square Meter to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Foot Nit to Stilbs Candela per Square Meter to Kilocandela per Square Meter Lambert to Millinits Skot to Candela per Square Foot Kilocandela per Square Meter to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Apostilb to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Kilocandela per Square Meter to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Millilamberts Candela per Square Inch to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Kilocandela per Square Meter to Apostilbs Stilb to Apostilbs Apostilb to Candela per Square Inch Lumen per Square Meter per Steradian to Kilocandela per Square Meter Candela per Square Foot to Millinits Millilambert to Foot-Lamberts Watt per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Centimeter Blondel to Lumens per Square Centimeter per Steradian Skot to Kilocandela per Square Meter Skot to Brils Candela per Square Meter to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Stilb to Millilamberts Bril to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Foot to Lamberts Bril to Blondels Kilocandela per Square Meter to Stilbs Nit to Lamberts Skot to Candela per Square Inch Nit to Millinits Candela per Square Foot to Stilbs Kilocandela per Square Meter to Candela per Square Foot Lambert to Watts per Square Centimeter per Steradian (at 555 nm) Skot to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Foot-Lamberts Bril to Skots Candela per Square Foot to Nits Candela per Square Centimeter to Stilbs Blondel to Candela per Square Centimeter Nit to Candela per Square Meter Candela per Square Foot to Blondels Skot to Lamberts Stilb to Candela per Square Foot Bril to Millinits Millinit to Blondels Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Millinits Nit to Skots Apostilb to Kilocandela per Square Meter Stilb to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian Lumen per Square Foot per Steradian to Brils Apostilb to Brils Nit to Candela per Square Centimeter Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Millinits Candela per Square Meter to Brils Lumen per Square Centimeter per Steradian to Kilocandela per Square Meter Lambert to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Lambert to Nits Candela per Square Foot to Lumens per Square Meter per Steradian Candela per Square Inch to Candela per Square Centimeter Nit to Lumens per Square Foot per Steradian

See also