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Convert EMU of Resistance to Volt/Amperes

EMU of Resistance (EMU) to Volt/Ampere (V/A) electric resistance conversion — enter any value below to get an instant result, or use the table for common values.

Results from this calculator are estimates provided for general informational purposes only, based on formulas, rates, and standards commonly accepted as of 2026. Figures may differ slightly from other calculators or professional sources due to rounding methods, differing assumptions, or regional regulations, and rules may change over time. Always consult a qualified professional — such as a financial advisor, healthcare provider, or other relevant specialist — before making decisions based on these results.

The numeric value you want to convert. Decimals are accepted.

Result

1 EMU of Resistance = 1E-09 Volt/Amperes

1 Volt/Ampere = 1E+09 EMU of Resistance

1 EMU in every supported unit

Conversion chart: EMU of Resistance to Volt/Amperes

Conversion table

EMU of Resistance (EMU) Volt/Ampere (V/A)
0.01 EMU 1E-11 V/A
0.1 EMU 1E-10 V/A
1 EMU 1E-09 V/A
2 EMU 2E-09 V/A
3 EMU 3E-09 V/A
5 EMU 5E-09 V/A
10 EMU 1E-08 V/A
20 EMU 2E-08 V/A
50 EMU 5E-08 V/A
100 EMU 1E-07 V/A
1000 EMU 1E-06 V/A

EMU of Resistance (EMU)

Definition: A generic designation for "electromagnetic unit of resistance" within the CGS electromagnetic system, numerically identical to the abohm at exactly one billionth of an ohm.

History: The label "EMU of X" was applied broadly across 19th-century CGS-EMU physical quantities to distinguish the electromagnetic-system unit for that quantity from its electrostatic-system ("ESU of X") counterpart, back when physicists worked with both parallel CGS conventions side by side.

Current use: Used interchangeably with abohm in older scientific literature; today it appears almost exclusively in historical or pedagogical comparisons of the CGS-EMU and CGS-ESU unit systems.

Volt/Ampere (V/A)

Definition: The dimensional expansion of Ohm's law itself — a volt per ampere is, by definition, numerically and dimensionally identical to an ohm, since resistance is defined as voltage divided by current (R = V / I).

History: This form predates the ohm's adoption as a distinct named unit in 1881; before that, physicists and engineers expressed resistance directly in terms of its constituent electrical quantities rather than using a dedicated symbol.

Current use: Still used in physics and engineering derivations when a calculation's units are being carried through explicitly from voltage and current rather than jumping straight to the shorthand ohm.

Supported Units

Unit Symbol In Ohm
Ohm Ω 1 Ω
Kiloohm kΩ 1000 Ω
Megohm MΩ 1000000 Ω
Milliohm mΩ 0.001 Ω
Microhm μΩ 1E-06 Ω
Volt/Ampere V/A 1 Ω
Reciprocal Siemens 1/S 1 Ω
Abohm abΩ 1E-09 Ω
EMU of Resistance EMU 1E-09 Ω
Statohm statΩ 8.98755E+11 Ω
ESU of Resistance ESU 8.98755E+11 Ω
Quantized Hall Resistance R_K 25812.807 Ω

About These Parameters

Value
The electric resistance value you want to convert, expressed in the "From" unit. Accepts decimals, and can represent anything from a microhm-scale connector contact resistance to a megohm-scale insulation-resistance reading.
From Unit
The unit your input value is currently measured in — a resistor's printed ohm or kiloohm rating, a megohmmeter's insulation reading, or an older figure quoted in a CGS unit like the abohm or statohm.
To Unit
The unit you want the result converted into. Use the swap button to flip From and To instantly, which is handy when moving between a datasheet's units and the ones used in your own calculations.

How Electric Resistance Conversion Works

The Formula

Every unit here is defined by a fixed multiplier relative to the ohm. To convert a value from one unit to another:

result = value × (factor of "From" unit ÷ factor of "To" unit)

For EMU of Resistance → Volt/Ampere: multiply by 1E-09. For example, 1 EMU × 1E-09 = 1E-09 V/A.

Ohm's Law and the Origin of the Ohm

Georg Simon Ohm published his now-famous law in 1827, showing that the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to its resistance — a relationship so fundamental that essentially every electrical calculation traces back to it. At the time his work was met with skepticism and largely ignored by the German physics establishment; recognition came only later, and it wasn't until the International Electrical Congress of 1881 that "ohm" was formally adopted as the name of the resistance unit, defined so that one ohm is the resistance that lets one ampere flow when one volt is applied. Every SI multiple on this page — from milliohm up through megohm — is simply that same unit scaled by a power of ten for convenience.

Why CGS Resistance Units Still Appear

Before the SI system unified electrical units around the ampere, 19th-century physicists worked with two parallel centimeter-gram-second (CGS) systems: the electromagnetic (EMU) system, which gave us the abohm, and the electrostatic (ESU) system, which gave us the statohm — a unit so much larger than the ohm that it differs by a factor tied to the speed of light. Both systems were mathematically elegant for theoretical physics but impractical for engineering, which is why they were eventually superseded by the ampere-based SI units used almost everywhere today. They still turn up when reading historical electromagnetism papers or textbooks written in Gaussian units.

Example

An electric resistance of 1 EMU equals 1E-09 V/A. For scale, a typical carbon-film resistor might be rated between 100 ohms and a few megohms, a copper shunt used for current sensing might measure just a few milliohms, and a healthy insulation-resistance test on household wiring should read well into the megohms.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many Volt/Amperes are in 1 EMU of Resistance?

1 EMU of Resistance (EMU) equals exactly 1E-09 Volt/Amperes (V/A).

What's the difference between resistance and resistivity?

Resistance (measured in ohms) depends on a specific object's shape — its length and cross-sectional area — as well as the material it's made of. Resistivity (measured in ohm-meters) is a pure material property that stays the same regardless of the object's dimensions. Two wires of the same copper have the same resistivity, but a longer or thinner wire will have higher resistance. See the separate Electric Resistivity Converter for that quantity.

Is volt/ampere the same thing as an ohm?

Yes — they're numerically and dimensionally identical. The ohm is simply the named SI unit for the quantity that Ohm's law defines as voltage divided by current, so 1 V/A always equals exactly 1 Ω.

Why is the statohm so much larger than the ohm?

The statohm comes from the CGS electrostatic (ESU) unit system, which was built directly from Coulomb's law rather than the ampere-based definitions SI units use. The huge gap between the statohm and the ohm — roughly a factor of 9×10¹¹ — traces back to a conversion constant related to the speed of light that separates the electrostatic and electromagnetic CGS unit families.

What is quantized Hall resistance used for?

It's a fundamental resistance value, R_K = h/e², that appears as extremely precise, naturally quantized plateaus in the quantum Hall effect. Since 1990, national metrology institutes have used a fixed conventional value of this constant (25,812.807 ohms) as the international standard for calibrating precision resistance measurements, because it's far more reproducible than any physical resistor.

Convert EMU of Resistance to Other Electric Resistance Units

Possible Electric Resistance Conversions

Statohm to Volt/Amperes Kiloohm to Abohms Statohm to Kiloohms Microhm to Megohms Ohm to Microhms Ohm to Kiloohms Volt/Ampere to Megohms Statohm to Milliohms Statohm to Reciprocal Siemens Milliohm to Quantized Hall Resistances Kiloohm to Ohms EMU of Resistance to Statohms ESU of Resistance to Milliohms EMU of Resistance to ESU of Resistance Abohm to Ohms ESU of Resistance to Quantized Hall Resistances Kiloohm to ESU of Resistance Volt/Ampere to ESU of Resistance ESU of Resistance to Volt/Amperes EMU of Resistance to Reciprocal Siemens Milliohm to Statohms Reciprocal Siemens to Volt/Amperes Ohm to EMU of Resistance Microhm to Statohms Reciprocal Siemens to Statohms Ohm to Quantized Hall Resistances ESU of Resistance to EMU of Resistance ESU of Resistance to Ohms Megohm to Quantized Hall Resistances Statohm to Megohms Microhm to Volt/Amperes Abohm to Statohms Ohm to Milliohms Reciprocal Siemens to Ohms Megohm to Ohms ESU of Resistance to Megohms Kiloohm to Milliohms Megohm to ESU of Resistance Statohm to Abohms ESU of Resistance to Microhms Abohm to Quantized Hall Resistances Megohm to Volt/Amperes Microhm to Reciprocal Siemens Milliohm to Ohms EMU of Resistance to Quantized Hall Resistances Microhm to Quantized Hall Resistances Kiloohm to Statohms Quantized Hall Resistance to Volt/Amperes Reciprocal Siemens to EMU of Resistance Milliohm to Microhms Statohm to Ohms Statohm to Quantized Hall Resistances Abohm to Megohms EMU of Resistance to Milliohms Volt/Ampere to Kiloohms Microhm to Ohms Reciprocal Siemens to Abohms Microhm to Milliohms Reciprocal Siemens to ESU of Resistance Volt/Ampere to Quantized Hall Resistances Microhm to Kiloohms Ohm to Megohms Microhm to Abohms Ohm to Statohms Volt/Ampere to Microhms Abohm to EMU of Resistance EMU of Resistance to Abohms Quantized Hall Resistance to Kiloohms EMU of Resistance to Microhms Ohm to Reciprocal Siemens Ohm to Volt/Amperes Volt/Ampere to EMU of Resistance Microhm to ESU of Resistance Reciprocal Siemens to Megohms Megohm to Reciprocal Siemens Quantized Hall Resistance to Megohms Milliohm to Volt/Amperes Milliohm to Abohms Quantized Hall Resistance to Abohms Kiloohm to Megohms Kiloohm to Quantized Hall Resistances ESU of Resistance to Reciprocal Siemens Abohm to Microhms Milliohm to Megohms Megohm to Statohms Statohm to Microhms Megohm to Milliohms Volt/Ampere to Reciprocal Siemens Quantized Hall Resistance to Microhms EMU of Resistance to Ohms Megohm to EMU of Resistance Volt/Ampere to Statohms Quantized Hall Resistance to Statohms Milliohm to Kiloohms Megohm to Abohms Abohm to ESU of Resistance Megohm to Kiloohms ESU of Resistance to Abohms Reciprocal Siemens to Quantized Hall Resistances Reciprocal Siemens to Milliohms Milliohm to Reciprocal Siemens Statohm to ESU of Resistance Kiloohm to Reciprocal Siemens Milliohm to ESU of Resistance Volt/Ampere to Ohms Volt/Ampere to Abohms Kiloohm to Volt/Amperes Kiloohm to EMU of Resistance Abohm to Reciprocal Siemens Quantized Hall Resistance to EMU of Resistance Ohm to Abohms Megohm to Microhms EMU of Resistance to Volt/Amperes Microhm to EMU of Resistance Volt/Ampere to Milliohms Kiloohm to Microhms Quantized Hall Resistance to Ohms Quantized Hall Resistance to ESU of Resistance Ohm to ESU of Resistance ESU of Resistance to Statohms Reciprocal Siemens to Kiloohms Abohm to Kiloohms Quantized Hall Resistance to Milliohms Milliohm to EMU of Resistance Quantized Hall Resistance to Reciprocal Siemens EMU of Resistance to Megohms Statohm to EMU of Resistance EMU of Resistance to Kiloohms Reciprocal Siemens to Microhms Abohm to Milliohms ESU of Resistance to Kiloohms Abohm to Volt/Amperes

See also